Basically there are two types of nonstate actors. First is Intergovernmental organization (IGOs) and second is non governmental organization (NGOs). What distinguishes the two principal types of nonstate actor is that IGOs are international organization whose members are states, whereas NGOs are association comprised of member who are private individuals and groups.
Intergovernmental Organization
IGOs are purposely created by states to solve shared problem. This gives IGOs whatever authority they possess for the purposes states assign them, and IGOs are generally regarded as more important than NGOs. In part, this is because IGOs are defined by the fact that their members are the governments of states and also by the permanence of their institutions. IGOs meet at regular intervals, and they have established rulse for making decisions and a permanent secretariat or headquarters staff.
IGOs very widely size and purpose. Only thirty three IGOs qualify as " Intercontinental organization" and only thirty four are like UN, " Universal Membership" IGOs. The rest accounting for more than 72 percent of the total, are limited in their scope and confined to particular regions. The variation among the organizations in each subcategory is great, particularly with single purpose limited membership IGOs. The NATO for example is primarily a military alliance, whereas others, such as the Organization of American States (OAS) promote both economic development and democratic performs. Still most IGOs concentrate their activities on spesific economic or social issue of special concern to them, such as the management of trade or transportation.
The expansion of IGOs has created a complex network of overlapping international organization that cooperate with another to deal with wide range of global issues. They support one another to work, for example on issue as varied as trade, defense, disarmament, economic,agriculture,health, culture, human rights, arts, illegal drugs, tourism, labor, gender inequaliti, education, debt, environment, crime, humanitarian aid, civilian crisis relief, telecomunications, science, globaliztions, immigration, and refugees.
Nongovernmental Organization
The term NGO can be applied to all nonstate and nonprofit organizations that operate as intermediaries to build transnational bridges between those with resources and targeted group in order to address global problems. Thus, it is also costumary to think of NGOs as intersocietal organizations that contribute to negotiations between and among street in the hope of reaching agreements fro global governance on nearly issue of international public policy. NGOs link the global society by forming " transnational advocacy networks" working for policy changes. They are inspired to action by their interest and values.
Like IGOs, NGOs differ widely in their characteristic. For example, some are small membership in the hundreds; other are huge, with the biggest being amnesty International, which in 2009 include 2.2 million members spread across one hundred fifty countries and regions. At the beginning of 2009 the Union of International Associations categorized the major "conventional" NGOs as split, with over 6 percent as "universal", almost 14 percent as "intercontinental", and the cast majority almost 80 percent, as "regionally oriented." Functionally, NGOs span virtually every facet of political, social, and economic activity in an increasingly borderless globalized world, ranging form eatrh sciences to ethnic unity, health care, language, history, culture, education, theology, law, ethnic, security, and defense.
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